trench
n
ditch dug in the ground, eg for drainage or to give troops shelter from enemy fire 沟;渠; 堑壕; 战壕
irrigation trenches 灌溉渠
The workmendug a trench for the new water-pipe. 工人挖了一条沟敷设新水管.
[attrib 作定语]
trench warfare 堑壕战. trench, v [Tn] dig a trench or trenches in (the ground) 在(地)上开沟或挖战壕.
Thus one simple fact, a change in the number of bison, had an effect on the whole wildlife chain of the plains.
因此,出现了这样一个简单的事实--野牛数目换的变化对平原的整个野生生物链都产生了影响。
So, celebrate your success, and invite your parents to celebrate with you, however hard it may be for them. If you continue to be excited about your future, you may come to educate your parents in the same way.